Skip to main content
. 2026 May 29;20:1799391. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2026.1799391

FIGURE 3.

Panel A shows a microscopic view of brain tissue with brown-stained clusters indicated by arrows. Panel B features similar staining in brain tissue, highlighting brown deposits with arrows. Panel C labels VEGFR-1, displaying brown-stained deposits with a black arrow and a highlighted blood vessel with a blue arrow. Panel D marks ubiquitin, showing brownish aggregates across the tissue. Panel E presents a fluorescent image labeled Aβ–Thio-S, depicting bright green punctate signals on a dark background, consistent with amyloid beta staining. All panels include scale bars for size reference.

Increased VEGFR-1 staining in neuritic processes/axonal swellings near amyloid plaques in AD brain. (A) Representative image of VEGFR-1 immunoreactivity in dystrophic neuritic processes near amyloid plaques (black arrows, using Anti-VEGFR-1 antibody, C’-Ter epitopes, Ab2350, Abcam) in AD brain and (B) representative image of VEGFR-1 immunoreactivity in dystrophic neuritic processes near amyloid plaques (black arrows, using anti-VEGFR-1 antibody C’-Ter epitopes, CL0345, Novus Bio) in AD brain. Using serial sections, we show; (C). Increased immunoreactivity of VEGFR-1 (black arrow, using anti-VEGFR-1 antibody C’-Ter epitopes, CL0345, Novus Bio). (D) In ubiquitin positive dystrophic neurites/axonal swellings specifically near. (E) Thio-s positive “cored” amyloid plaques (lower left-(black arrow in C) but not near “diffuse” amyloid plaque (upper right- (blue arrow in C).