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. 2026 May 12;26:157–171. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2026.01.010

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

The effects of Echinacea purpurea polysaccharides (EP) on the diversity of the intestinal microbiota of broilers. (A and B) The Venn analysis of amplicon sequence variants (ASV) at 21 and 42 d. (C and D) Principal component analysis at 21 and 42 d. CON21, EPL21, EPM21, and EPH21 represent EP addition levels of 0.0, 0.3%, 0.6%, and 0.9% in the diet at 21 d, respectively; CON42, EPL42, EPM42, and EPH42 represent EP addition levels of 0.0, 0.3%, 0.6%, and 0.9% in the diet at 42 d, respectively; n = 6. CON = control.