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. 2026 Jun 17;12(25):eaed5675. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aed5675

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Fig. 2. — (A) Schematic diagram of the stage-based strategy using EOL RO membrane closed-loop recycling as an example. (B) Recycling performance for composite membranes and films. The process involves initial solvent extraction (middle), followed by catalytic PET depolymerization to yield BHET monomer (right). The glass bottles contain casting solutions obtained by dissolving polymeric components, with adjacent poorly soluble PET substrates retained after extraction. Depolymerization of these PET substrates yielded BHET with >90% efficiency under optimal conditions (175°C, 40 min, ethylene glycol/PET mass ratio of 4:1, and 1 wt % of Mo-MgO catalyst). PC, polycarbonate; EVA, ethylene-vinyl acetate.