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. 2026 Jun 4;13:1808657. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1808657

Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics.

Variable Total Non-thrombotic Thrombotic χ2 P
Gender Male 152(80.42%) 60(83.33%) 92(78.63%) 0.626 0.429
Female 37(19.58%) 12(16.67%) 25(21.37%)
Diagnosis ILD 93(49.21%) 43(59.72%) 50(42.74%) 7.074 0.29
COPD 66(34.92%) 23(31.94%) 43(36.75%)
Other/Mixed 30(15.87%) 6(8.33%) 24(20.51%)
Age(years) ≤60 106(56.08%) 43(59.72%) 63(53.85%) 0.625 0.429
>60 83(43.92%) 29(40.28%) 54(46.15%)
History of hypertension No 144(76.19%) 54(75%) 90(76.92%) 0.091 0.763
Yes 45(23.81%) 18(25%) 27(23.08%)
History of diabetes No 141(74.6%) 51(70.83%) 90(76.92%) 0.872 0.350
Yes 48(25.4%) 21(29.17%) 27(23.08%)
History of tumor No 157(83.07%) 59(81.94%) 98(83.76%) 0.105 0.746
Yes 32(16.93%) 13(18.06%) 19(16.24%)
History of coronary heart disease No 154(81.48%) 56(77.78%) 98(83.76%) 1.057 0.304
Yes 35(18.52%) 16(22.22%) 19(16.24%)
6MWD <200
[200,300]
>300
120(63.49%)
53(28.04%)
16(8.47%)
47(65.28%)
18(25%)
7(9.72%)
73(62.39%)
35(29.91%)
9(7.69%)
0.659 0.719
FEV₁/FVC% <30%
[30,50%]
[50,70%]
124(65.61%)
62(32.8%)
3(1.59%)
47(65.28%)
24(33.33%)
1(1.39%)
77(65.81%)
38(32.48%)
2(1.71%)
0.041 0.98
FVC% <35%
[35,50%]
[50,80%]
110(58.2%)
74(39.15%)
5(2.65%)
44(61.11%)
26(36.11%)
2(2.78%)
66(56.41%)
48(41.03%)
3(2.56%)
0.452 0.798
FEV₁% predicted ≤35%
[35,50%]
[50,80%]
71(37.57%)
115(60.85%)
3(1.59%)
28(38.89%)
43(59.72%)
1(1.39%)
43(36.75%)
72(61.54%)
2(1.71%)
0.107 0.948
Pre-transplant respiratory support modalities Oxygen therapy 169(89.42%) 5(2.65%) 106(90.6%) 2.219 0.330
Invasive ventilation 15(7.94%) 8(11.11%) 7(5.98%)
ECMO support 5(2.65%) 1(1.39%) 4(3.42%)

ILD = Interstitial Lung Disease, COPD = Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 6MWD = 6-Minute Walking Distance, FEV₁ = forced expiratory volume in one second, FVC = forced vital capacity, Other/Mixed includes non-obstructive, non-restrictive diagnoses and patients with multifactorial, overlapping, or idiopathic pulmonary conditions.