Skip to main content
. 2026 Apr 23;7:187–195. doi: 10.1109/OJEMB.2026.3687108

TABLE II. Performance on Nuclei Segmentation Using Different Methods to Handle Stain Variation. The Best Performance is Denoted in Bold. The Bootstrapped 95 Confidence Intervals are Shown in Brackets. The Overall Performance is the Mean Performance Across the Four Datasets.

CoNSeP CRAG GlaS PanNuke Overall
Method Inline graphic (Inline graphic) Inline graphic (Inline graphic) Inline graphic (Inline graphic) Inline graphic (Inline graphic) Inline graphic (Inline graphic) Inline graphic (Inline graphic) Inline graphic (Inline graphic) Inline graphic (Inline graphic) Inline graphic (Inline graphic) Inline graphic (Inline graphic)
Baseline 0.671 (Inline graphic0.010) 0.505 (Inline graphic0.008) 0.614 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.471 (Inline graphic0.002) 0.691 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.531 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.711 (Inline graphic0.009) 0.539 (Inline graphic0.007) 0.672 (Inline graphic0.006) 0.512 (Inline graphic0.005)
HM [10] 0.645 (Inline graphic0.012) 0.479 (Inline graphic0.010) 0.567 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.430 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.668 (Inline graphic0.004) 0.507 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.676 (Inline graphic0.011) 0.511 (Inline graphic0.009) 0.639 (Inline graphic0.008) 0.482 (Inline graphic0.006)
FDA [11] 0.597 (Inline graphic0.015) 0.438 (Inline graphic0.011) 0.506 (Inline graphic0.004) 0.382 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.657 (Inline graphic0.004) 0.496 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.624 (Inline graphic0.013) 0.465 (Inline graphic0.01) 0.596 (Inline graphic0.009) 0.445 (Inline graphic0.007)
Reinhard et al. [14] 0.646 (Inline graphic0.011) 0.482 (Inline graphic0.009) 0.603 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.460 (Inline graphic0.002) 0.666 (Inline graphic0.004) 0.510 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.692 (Inline graphic0.009) 0.522 (Inline graphic0.007) 0.652 (Inline graphic0.007) 0.494 (Inline graphic0.005)
Macenko et al. [16] 0.631 (Inline graphic0.013) 0.472 (Inline graphic0.010) 0.518 (Inline graphic0.004) 0.391 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.665 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.503 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.674 (Inline graphic0.011) 0.507 (Inline graphic0.009) 0.622 (Inline graphic0.008) 0.468 (Inline graphic0.006)
SPCN [18] 0.613 (Inline graphic0.013) 0.458 (Inline graphic0.010) 0.522 (Inline graphic0.004) 0.394 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.667 (Inline graphic0.004) 0.504 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.640 (Inline graphic0.013) 0.477 (Inline graphic0.010) 0.611 (Inline graphic0.009) 0.458 (Inline graphic0.007)
ACD [19] 0.644 (Inline graphic0.013) 0.484 (Inline graphic0.010) 0.527 (Inline graphic0.004) 0.403 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.702 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.538 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.691 (Inline graphic0.011) 0.523 (Inline graphic0.009) 0.641 (Inline graphic0.008) 0.487 (Inline graphic0.006)
StainGAN [22] 0.500 (Inline graphic0.016) 0.362 (Inline graphic0.012) 0.552 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.414 (Inline graphic0.002) 0.540 (Inline graphic0.004) 0.388 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.568 (Inline graphic0.013) 0.420 (Inline graphic0.010) 0.540 (Inline graphic0.009) 0.396 (Inline graphic0.007)
Stain Jitter [27] 0.692 (Inline graphic0.009) 0.521 (Inline graphic0.008) 0.677 (Inline graphic0.002) 0.518 (Inline graphic0.002) 0.704 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.530 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.720 (Inline graphic0.007) 0.547 (Inline graphic0.006) 0.698 (Inline graphic0.005) 0.529 (Inline graphic0.005)
RandStainNA [29] 0.682 (Inline graphic0.009) 0.513 (Inline graphic0.008) 0.613 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.469 (Inline graphic0.002) 0.677 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.520 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.715 (Inline graphic0.008) 0.543 (Inline graphic0.007) 0.672 (Inline graphic0.006) 0.511 (Inline graphic0.005)
H&E Adversarial [34] 0.680 (Inline graphic0.010) 0.509 (Inline graphic0.008) 0.639 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.489 (Inline graphic0.002) 0.683 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.524 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.719 (Inline graphic0.009) 0.546 (Inline graphic0.007) 0.680 (Inline graphic0.006) 0.517 (Inline graphic0.005)
SCA (proposed) 0.695 (Inline graphic0.010) 0.524 (Inline graphic0.008) 0.685 (Inline graphic0.002) 0.526 (Inline graphic0.002) 0.719 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.545 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.723 (Inline graphic0.008) 0.549 (Inline graphic0.007) 0.706 (Inline graphic0.006) 0.536 (Inline graphic0.005)
SCL (proposed) 0.696 (Inline graphic0.010) 0.525 (Inline graphic0.008) 0.683 (Inline graphic0.002) 0.524 (Inline graphic0.002) 0.726 (Inline graphic0.003) 0.553 (Inline graphic0.002) 0.730 (Inline graphic0.007) 0.555 (Inline graphic0.007) 0.709 (Inline graphic0.006) 0.539 (Inline graphic0.005)