Table 2. Comparative analysis of demographic, clinical, and biomarker variables between early and late-stage colorectal cancer patients.

Characteristics	Early	Late	P value
n	245	174
Age, median (IQR)	58 (45, 73)	57.5 (46, 75.75)	0.845
Gender, n (%)			0.395
Female	115 (27.4%)	89 (21.2%)
Male	130 (31%)	85 (20.3%)
Family_History, n (%)			0.271
Yes	119 (28.4%)	94 (22.4%)
No	126 (30.1%)	80 (19.1%)
Smoking, n (%)			0.149
Yes	112 (26.7%)	92 (22%)
No	133 (31.7%)	82 (19.6%)
Alcohol_Consumption, n (%)			0.405
No	134 (32%)	88 (21%)
Yes	111 (26.5%)	86 (20.5%)
Diet, n (%)			0.556
Balanced	84 (20%)	59 (14.1%)
High-fat	72 (17.2%)	59 (14.1%)
Vegetarian	89 (21.2%)	56 (13.4%)
Symptoms, n (%)			0.149
Yes	112 (26.7%)	92 (22%)
No	133 (31.7%)	82 (19.6%)
Treatment_History, n (%)			0.591
Surgery	64 (15.3%)	48 (11.5%)
Radiation	64 (15.3%)	41 (9.8%)
Chemotherapy	53 (12.6%)	46 (11%)
None	64 (15.3%)	39 (9.3%)
Serum_Ferritin, mean ± sd	147.57 ± 29.771	181.62 ± 28.887	<0.001
CA_19_9, mean ± sd	19.676 ± 5.3808	24.701 ± 5.4809	<0.001
CEA, mean ± sd	3.022 ± 1.0698	3.997 ± 1.0053	<0.001

Notes.

IQR

Interquartile Range, representing the range between the 25th and 75th percentiles

n (%)

Number and percentage of patients in each category

P value

Statistical significance, with values less than 0.05 indicating significant differences between early and late-stage groups

sd

Standard deviation, indicating the variability around the mean value of biomarkers