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. 2026 Jun 9;16:1752175. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2026.1752175

Table 4.

Inhibition zone diameters (IZDs) of the tested compounds against reference bacterial strains.

Bacterial reference strain IZD (mm)
C. vulgaris SeNPs CV-SeNPs Gentamicin
E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) 18 ± 0.6 16 ± 0.6 20 ± 0.6ab 30 ± 0.6abc
S. aureus (ATCC 25923) 16 ± 0.6 11 ± 0.6a 16 ± 0.6b 28 ± 0.6abc
E. coli (ATCC 25922) 11 ± 0.6 10 ± 0.0 11 ± 0.6 26 ± 1abc
K. pneumoniae (ATCC 700603) 10 ± 0.0 10 ± 0.0 10 ± 0.0 22 ± 1abc
P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) 10 ± 0.6 10 ± 0.6 10 ± 0.0 21 ± 0.6abc
P. mirabilis (ATCC 35659) 12 ± 0.6 10 ± 0.0a 12 ± 0.6b 24 ± 0.6abc

Data were recorded as mean ± SD (n = 3). aSignificant vs. C. vulgaris group, bSignificant vs. SeNPs group, and cSignificant vs. CV-SeNPs group. Each group differed significantly from the others at p < 0.05.