Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2026 May 1;163:76. doi: 10.1186/s41065-026-00686-7

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2026

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 2 — Identification of ginkgetin-related targets and pathway enrichment. A Venn diagram showing the overlap between bladder cancer–associated genes and predicted molecular targets of ginkgetin. B Gene Ontology enrichment analysis of overlapping genes, categorized into biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. C KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of candidate targets, highlighting cancer-related signaling pathways. D Protein–protein interaction network of overlapping genes constructed using the STRING database and visualized with Cytoscape. E Volcano plot illustrating differentially expressed genes between control and ginkgetin-treated bladder cancer cells. F Bar chart showing the numbers of upregulated and downregulated genes following ginkgetin treatment. G GO enrichment bar plot of differentially expressed genes. H KEGG pathway enrichment bar plot of differentially expressed genes