Table 3.
Medications used in the treatment of children and adolescents with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in the analysis cohort
| Drugs used in the regimen | Analysis cohort (N=20395) | Treatment outcome | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment success (N=16825) | Death (N=2848) | Treatment failure (N=722) | ||
| Group A | ||||
| Moxifloxacin | 10039 (49.2%) | 8181 (48.6%) | 1434 (50.4%) | 424 (58.7%) |
| Levofloxacin | 8513 (41.7%) | 7150 (42.5%) | 1144 (40.2%) | 219 (30.3%) |
| Linezolid | 1309 (6.4%) | 1147 (6.8%) | 108 (3.8%) | 54 (7.5%) |
| Bedaquiline | 1521 (7.5%) | 1261 (7.5%) | 199 (7.0%) | 61 (8.4%) |
| Group B | ||||
| Cycloserine | 8601 (42.2%) | 6867 (40.8%) | 1476 (51.8%) | 258 (35.7%) |
| Terizidone | 4653 (22.8%) | 3862 (23.0%) | 562 (19.7%) | 229 (31.7%) |
| Clofazimine | 9076 (44.5%) | 7427 (44.1%) | 1318 (46.3%) | 331 (45.8%) |
| Group C | ||||
| Ethambutol | 16545 (81.1%) | 13830 (82.2%) | 2198 (77.2%) | 517 (71.6%) |
| Delamanid | 543 (2.7%) | 405 (2.4%) | 105 (3.7%) | 33 (4.6%) |
| Pyrazinamide | 19718 (96.7%) | 16267 (96.7%) | 2756 (96.8%) | 695 (96.3%) |
| Amikacin | 6919 (33.9%) | 5907 (35.1%) | 776 (27.2%) | 236 (32.7%) |
| Ethionamide | 18180 (89.1%) | 14869 (88.4%) | 2676 (94.0%) | 635 (88.0%) |
| Prothionamide | 708 (3.5%) | 638 (3.8%) | 30 (1.1%) | 40 (5.5%) |
| Para-aminosalicylic acid | 1805 (8.9%) | 1524 (9.1%) | 191 (6.7%) | 90 (12.5%) |
| Streptomycin | 67 (0.3%) | 63 (0.4%) | 4 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Imipenem | 23 (0.1%) | 1 (0.0%) | 2 (0.3%) | 23 (0.1%) |
| Meropenem | 5 (0.0%) | 4 (0.0%) | 1 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Other | ||||
| Isoniazid (standard) | 725 (3.6%) | 655 (3.9%) | 49 (1.7%) | 21 (2.9%) |
| High-dose Isoniazid | 7417 (36.4%) | 6374 (37.9%) | 809 (28.4%) | 234 (32.4%) |
| Kanamycin | 15397 (75.5%) | 12658 (75.2%) | 2214 (77.7%) | 525 (72.7%) |
| Capreomycin | 1611 (7.9%) | 1196 (7.1%) | 323 (11.3%) | 92 (12.7%) |
| Ofloxacin | 1255 (6.2%) | 1076 (6.4%) | 122 (4.3%) | 57 (7.9%) |
| Ciprofloxacin | 266 (1.3%) | 227 (1.3%) | 23 (0.8%) | 16 (2.2%) |
| Use of Group A drugs | ||||
| None | 1778 (8.7%) | 1478 (8.8%) | 218 (7.7%) | 82 (11.4%) |
| One | 16957 (83.1%) | 13917 (82.7%) | 2471 (86.8%) | 569 (78.8%) |
| Two | 903 (4.4%) | 772 (4.6%) | 89 (3.1%) | 42 (5.8%) |
| Three | 757 (3.7%) | 658 (3.9%) | 70 (2.5%) | 29 (4.0%) |
| Use of Group B drugs | ||||
| None | 550 (2.7%) | 473 (2.8%) | 59 (2.1%) | 18 (2.5%) |
| One | 17377 (85.2%) | 14560 (86.5%) | 2225 (78.1%) | 592 (82.0%) |
| Two | 2468 (12.1%) | 1792 (10.7%) | 564 (19.8%) | 112 (15.5%) |
| Use of Group C drugs | ||||
| None | 50 (0.2%) | 40 (0.2%) | 7 (0.2%) | 3 (0.4%) |
| One | 376 (1.8%) | 305 (1.8%) | 50 (1.8%) | 21 (2.9%) |
| Two | 2937 (14.4%) | 2300 (13.7%) | 505 (17.7%) | 132 (18.3%) |
| Three | 10028 (49.2%) | 8239 (49.0%) | 1478 (51.9%) | 311 (43.1%) |
| Four or more | 7004 (34.3%) | 5941 (35.3%) | 808 (28.4%) | 255 (35.3%) |