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. 2026 Jun 23;9:11. doi: 10.1186/s42492-026-00222-4

Table 2.

Performance comparison of different methods on the Mindboggle dataset

Method DSC (%) HD95 (mm) ASSD (mm) Inline graphic(%)
Initial 31.8 ± 2.4 7.12 ± 0.61 2.31 ± 0.25 -
SPM 49.2 ± 1.5 5.81 ± 0.43 1.58 ± 0.11 -
SyN 56.5 ± 1.4* 5.69 ± 0.40 1.46 ± 0.10 < 0.000006
VoxelMorph 53.6 ± 2.4* 6.47 ± 0.56 1.69 ± 0.19 < 0.2
TransMorph 58.6 ± 2.4* 6.17 ± 0.55 1.53 ± 0.18 < 0.9
TransMatch 57.2 ± 2.2* 6.13 ± 0.55 1.54 ± 0.17 < 0.9
PR++ 59.3 ± 2.0* 6.11 ± 0.54 1.50 ± 0.17 < 0.4
PIVIT 57.1 ± 1.5* 5.66 ± 0.41 1.44 ± 0.11 < 0.07
Im2grid 59.0 ± 1.6* 5.72 ± 0.42 1.41 ± 0.12 < 0.01
NICETrans 64.5 ± 1.3 5.39 ± 0.38 1.27 ± 0.10 < 0.7
ModeT 61.9 ± 1.2* 5.50 ± 0.35 1.32 ± 0.09 < 0.02
RDP 64.5 ± 1.4* 5.57 ± 0.43 1.30 ± 0.11 < 0.006
CorrMLP 64.8 ± 1.2 5.40 ± 0.39 1.26 ± 0.10 < 0.7
CRR-Net 64.8 ± 1.2 5.40 ± 0.39 1.26 ± 0.10 < 0.3

Bold values indicate the best performance. *P < 0.05 compared with CRR-Net. DSC: Dice similarity coefficient; ASSD: Average symmetric surface distance; HD95: 95% Hausdorff distance; CRR-Net: Correlation reconstruction and refinement network