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. 2026 Jun 19;19:610083. doi: 10.2147/LRA.S610083

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© 2026 Chooklin and Chuklin.

This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v4.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

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Ultrasound with 8 sub-images (A-H): grayscale tissue views, color Doppler spots, sampling boxes, annotations. — Rectus sheath hematoma and inferior epigastric vessels. (A) Rectus sheath hematoma. (B) Color Doppler image of the inferior epigastric artery accompanying the rectus sheath hematoma. (C) Color Doppler image showing an inferior epigastric vessel within the rectus abdominis muscle. (D) Color Doppler image showing an inferior epigastric vessel in the deeper portion of the rectus abdominis muscle. (E) Color Doppler image of inferior epigastric vessels adjacent to the posterior aspect of the rectus abdominis muscle; arrowheads indicate the needle trajectory. (F) Color Doppler image showing an inferior epigastric vessel in the superficial portion of the rectus abdominis muscle. (G) Color Doppler image demonstrating multiple inferior epigastric vessels traversing the rectus abdominis muscle. (H) Color Doppler image demonstrating a cluster of inferior epigastric vessels near the posterior aspect of the rectus abdominis muscle. Arrowheads indicate the needle trajectory. Arrows indicate the rectus sheath hematoma. (Reproduced from Kwon et al²⁴ © Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. Published with permission under STM Permissions Guidelines).

Abbreviation: RA, rectus abdominis muscle.