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. 2026 Jun 11;16(12):1803. doi: 10.3390/ani16121803
IV Intravenously
CRI Constant rate infusion
HR Heart rate
bpm Beats per minute
ECG Electrocardiography
VPCs Ventricular premature contractions
VTH Veterinary teaching hospital
COHAT Comprehensive oral health assessment and treatment
PE Physical examination
RR Respiratory rate
T Rectal temperature
IM Intramuscularly
SQ Subcutaneously
SpO2 Peripheral oxygen saturation of hemoglobin
ETIso Fraction of end-tidal isoflurane
ETCO2 Carbon dioxide partial pressure
MAP Mean arterial blood pressure
LRS Lactated Ringer’s solution
h hour
PPV Pulse pressure variation and
PVI Pleth variability index
PCV Packed cell volume
PaO2 Oxygen tension of arterial blood
PaCO2 Arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide
VT Ventricular tachycardia
VF Ventricular fibrillation
CSHT Context-sensitive half-time
ABCB1 Adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily B, member 1