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. 2026 May 30;15(6):691. doi: 10.3390/antiox15060691
DES deep eutectic solvents
UAE ultrasound-assisted extraction
DES-UAE deep eutectic solvent-based ultrasound-assisted extraction
HBA hydrogen bond acceptor
HBD hydrogen bond donor
ChCl choline chloride
ChCl/Urea choline chloride/urea
ChCl/Lac choline chloride/lactic acid
ChCl/Oxa choline chloride/oxalic acid
Gly/Gla/H2O glycerin/glucose/water
Gly/Thr/H2O glycerin/threonine/water
Ace/Lac acetamide/lactic acid
ChCl/EGly choline chloride/glycol
ChCl/But choline chloride/1,3-butanediol
ChCl/D-Sor choline chloride/sorbitol
ChCl/But/D-Sor choline chloride/1,3-butanediol/sorbitol
FT-IR Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
TGA thermogravimetric analysis
HPGPC-dRI high-performance gel permeation chromatography coupled with differential refractive index detection
HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography
PMP 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone
DAD diode array detector
TFA trifluoroacetic acid
RNAi RNA interference
qPCR quantitative real-time PCR
cDNA complementary DNA
ROS reactive oxygen species
H2DCFDA 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate
IIS insulin/IGF-1 signaling
IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor 1
SKN-1 skinhead-1
Nrf nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor
DAF-16 abnormal dauer formation protein 16
FOXO forkhead box O
SOD superoxide dismutase
GST glutathione S-transferase
CTL catalase