SERS	Surface-enhanced Raman scattering
AI	Artificial intelligence
ML	Machine learning
AI/ML	Artificial intelligence/machine learning
POC	Point-of-care
LOD	Limit of detection
RSD	Relative standard deviation
EV	Extracellular vesicle
MIP	Molecularly imprinted polymer
CRISPR	Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
Cas12a	CRISPR-associated protein 12a
LFIA	Lateral-flow immunoassay
NPoM	Nanoparticle-on-mirror
PCA	Principal component analysis
LDA	Linear discriminant analysis
PCA-LDA	Principal component analysis–linear discriminant analysis
SVM	Support vector machine
CNN	Convolutional neural network
1D-CNN	One-dimensional convolutional neural network
XAI	Explainable artificial intelligence
SHAP	SHapley Additive exPlanations
Grad-CAM	Gradient-weighted class activation mapping
LOPO-CV	Leave-one-patient-out cross-validation
ROC	Receiver operating characteristic
AUC	Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve
SaMD	Software as a medical device
STARD-AI	Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies–Artificial Intelligence
bHCR	Branched hybridization chain reaction
PSA	Prostate-specific antigen
CA19-9	Carbohydrate antigen 19-9