| WHC | Water-holding capacity |
| WBC | Water-binding capacity |
| GRAS | Generally recognized as safe |
| LAB | Lactic acid bacteria |
| TR CU | Technical Regulation of Customs Union |
| SS | Software suite |
| HPLC | High-performance liquid chromatography |
| FFE | Full factorial experiment |
| RSM | Response surface method |
| BCAA | Branched-chain amino acids |
| PSE | Pale, Soft, Exudative |
| DFD | Dark, Firm, Dry |