Problem specification. While scientists are good at spelling out the situation, it may be helpful to more explicitly spell out the constraints on the problems they are proposing to solve in their papers. There is some truth to the adage that stating the problem actually is “half the solution,” as specifying a problem’s constraints restricts inquiry to those directions which can meet them and would allow other researchers to know if any disagreements are due to different assessment if the problem has, in fact, been solved or disagreement as to what the problem actually is (i.e., different constraints) Explicitly use theoretical virtues to guide decisions during theory development. Which theory to pursue? Which virtues does a theory already achieve to an adequate degree? Which aspects of the theory need improvement, and what can be changed or added to improve it with respect to specific virtues? While many of these assessments are already being made implicitly in the course of research, their specification can help guide researchers’ decision-making process Characterize your field’s problem space and use it as a guide for theory development. While countless reviews are written about previous results and their interpretation, we would advise also including more thorough characterization and development of the problem spaces around specific topics