Skip to main content
. 2026 Jun 9;17(6):674. doi: 10.3390/genes17060674
APM Antigen Presentation Machinery
B2M β2-microglobulin
BiTEs Bispecific T-cell Engagers
CAFs Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts
CAR-T Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cells
CEA Carcinoembryonic Antigen
CIMP CpG Island Methylator Phenotype
CRC Colorectal Cancer
CTLA-4 Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4
ctDNA Circulating Tumor DNA
DCs Dendritic Cells
dMMR Deficient Mismatch Repair
DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid
EGFR Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
FDA Food and Drug Administration
FOLFIRI Folinic Acid + Fluorouracil + Irinotecan
FOLFOX Folinic Acid + Fluorouracil + Oxaliplatin
HLA Human Leukocyte Antigen
ICI/ICIs Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor(s)
IFN-γ Interferon-gamma
ITIM Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Inhibitory Motif
ITSM Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Switch Motif
JAK Janus Kinase
LAG-3 Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3
MAPK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase
mCRC Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
MDSCs Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells
MHC-I Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I
MHC-II Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II
MLH1 MutL Homolog 1
MMR Mismatch Repair