| HPV | Human papillomavirus |
| hrHPV | High-risk human papillomavirus |
| CIN | Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia |
| HSIL | High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion |
| LSIL | Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion |
| CST | Community state type |
| BV | Bacterial vaginosis |
| VMB | Vaginal microbiota |
| CVM | Cervicovaginal microbiota |
| SCFAs | Short-chain fatty acids |
| HDPs | Host defense peptides |
| hBD | Human beta-defensin |
| SLPI | Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor |
| TLR | Toll-like receptor |
| DC | Dendritic cell |
| Treg | Regulatory T cells |
| Th | T helper cell |
| IFN | Interferon |
| IL | Interleukin |
| TNF | Tumor necrosis factor |
| PD-1 | Programmed cell death protein 1 |
| PD-L1 | Programmed death-ligand 1 |
| TIM-3 | T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 |
| LAG-3 | Lymphocyte activation gene 3 |
| HIF-1α | Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha |
| PI3K | Phosphoinositide 3-kinase |
| AKT | Protein kinase B |
| mTOR | Mechanistic target of rapamycin |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| cfHPV-DNA | Circulating cell-free HPV DNA |
| ddPCR | The droplet digital polymerase chain reaction |
| VMT | Vaginal microbiota transplantation |
| STI | Sexually transmitted infection |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |