Skip to main content
. 2026 Jun 13;15(12):4601. doi: 10.3390/jcm15124601
BR Breathing reserve
COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CPET Cardiopulmonary exercise testing
DLCO Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide
EELV End expiratory lung volume
EILV End inspiratory lung volume
EVL Expiratory ventilatory limitation
Ex-tFVL Tidal flow-volume loops during exercise
FEV1 Forced expiratory volume in one second
FRC Functional residual capacity
FVC Forced vital capacity
GET Gas exchange threshold
IC Inspiratory capacity
IRV Inspiratory reserve volume
HR Heart rate
MaxFVL Maximal flow-volume loop
MVV Maximal voluntary ventilation
RER Respiratory exchange ratio
RPE Rating of perceived exertion
RV Residual volume
SpO2 Oxygen saturation
VT Tidal volume
V˙CO2 Carbon monoxide output
V˙E Minute ventilation
V˙O2 Oxygen uptake