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. 2026 Mar 31;49(3):440–455. doi: 10.1007/s10865-026-00640-y

Table 7.

Regression coefficients, confidence intervals, and effect sizes for the associations of factors of trait self-control construct and discounting measures with modifiable risk factors for CVD

Physical activity Sedentary behavior Fat and sugar intake Sleep quantity Body mass index Waist-hip ratio Pulse pressure
Factor 1 1.68** − 1.26** −0.94** 0.08** − 0.75** − 0.009** − 0.69**
Dispositional self-control [1.33,2.02] [− 1.69,− 0.83] [− 1.13,− 0.76] [0.05,0.11] [− 0.87,−  0.64] [− 0.011,− 0.007] [− 1.01,− 0.37]
(0.011) (0.004) (0.011) (0.003) (0.020) (0.009) (0.002)
Factor 2 0.04 0.43* −0.14 0.005 − 0.10* − 0.002** − 0.11
Delay discounting [− 0.25,0.33] [0.07,0.79] [− 0.29,0.02] [− 0.02,0.03] [− 0.19,− 0.003] [− 0.004,− 0.001] [− 0.37,0.16]
(0.000) (0.001) (0.000) (0.000) (0.000) (0.001) (0.000)
Factor 3 − 1.26** 0.63* 0.31* 0.01 0.13 0.002 0.56**
Risk propensity [- 1.71,- 0.81] [0.08,1.18] [0.07,0.55] [- 0.03,0.04] [− 0.02,0.27] [− 0.001,0.004] [0.15,0.96]
(0.004) (0.001) (0.001) (0.000) (0.000) (0.000) (0.001)
N 8453 8453 8453 8453 8453 8453 8453

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. P-values adjusted to correct for multiple hypothesis testing across all tests shown in Tables 3, 6, and 7 using the False Discovery Method. Standardized scores. Presented: betas, 95% confidence intervals in [], and η2 in (). Each column represents the results from a single regression with the column header as the dependent variable and with all three factors included as explanatory variables. Each regression adjusted for gender, age, country of birth, educational level, and batch number