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Inhibitory effect of Pg-LPS on Ec-LPS-induced cytokine release. THP-1 cells were incubated overnight with increasing concentrations of Ec-LPS, Pg-LPS, or both. Culture supernatants were subsequently collected and assayed for TNF-α (A) or IL-6 (B) release. Results are presented as means ± standard deviations of triplicate determinations. Asterisks indicate statistically significant (P < 0.05) inhibition in comparison to Ec-LPS treatment only.
