| AhR | aryl hydrocarbon receptor |
| AMPs | antimicrobial peptides |
| AV | aerobic vaginitis |
| BSH | bile salt hydrolase |
| BV | bacterial vaginosis |
| CSTs | community state types |
| FXR | farnesoid X receptor |
| GALT | gut-associated lymphoid tissue |
| GLP-1 | Glucagon-like peptide-1 |
| GPCRs | G-protein coupled receptors |
| GUS | β-glucuronidase |
| HDACs | histone deacetylases |
| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
| Ig | immunoglobulin |
| MAMPs | microbe-associated molecular patterns |
| NGS | next-generation sequencing |
| PCOS | polycystic ovary syndrome |
| SCFAs | short-chain fatty acids |
| STIs | sexually transmitted infections |
| SULTs | sulfotransferases |
| TGR5 | Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 |
| UGT | UDP-glucuronosyltransferase |
| UTIs | urinary tract infections |
| VVC | vulvovaginal candidiasis |