FIG. 3.

Intraoperative images. The fistula was accessed through a pterional approach. The dura opening reveal the temporal lobe on the left and the frontal lobe on the right. A and B: The temporal pole is gently retracted with a spatula, revealing the sphenoid ridge on top and the enlarged arterialized draining SMCV (asterisk). C: Indocyanine green was administrated, highlighting the arterialized cortical vein (asterisk). D and E: Exposure of the fistula, with arterial feeders (arrowhead) emerging from the dura. F and G: Coagulation of arterial feeders and dura at the fistula point (arrow). The change in color of the cortical vein (asterisk) after disconnection is noticeable.