| Brown grease (crude) |
32 |
High VI for a raw feed, but very high pour point; unsuitable neat |
| Brown grease (bleached) |
32 |
Lower ν and VI vs. crude; poor cold flow |
| FAEEc |
10 |
Light ester; VI modest, cold flow reasonable |
| FAEEb |
10 |
Top candidate: very high VI (≈synthetic esters); cold flow ≈0 °C; light viscosity |
| FAMEc |
10 |
Biodiesel-like methyl esters; light & modest VI |
| FAMEb |
10 |
Lower VI and ν; light stock with limited temperature robustness |
| FAPEc |
10 (below VG 10 range) |
Very low viscosity; poor VI but improved cold flow ≈−6 °C |
| Hydro BGc |
100 |
ISO VG 100 with decent VI & high Td
|
| Hydro BGb |
100 |
VI collapses after bleaching; unusable neat |
| h-FAMEc |
22 |
Modest VI (≈group I); poor cold flow ≈8 °C; light viscosity |
| h-FAEEc |
32 |
High VI (≈synthetic esters); poor cold flow ≈8 °C; light viscosity |
| h-FAPEc |
15 |
Extremely poor VI; slightly improved cold flow ≈−3 °C |
| Epoxy BGc |
>1500 (classify as thickener) |
Extremely viscous, poor VI; use as viscosity modifier only |
| Epoxy BGb |
>1500 (classify as thickener) |
Similar to crude epoxy; too viscous for base-oil use |
| e-FAMEc |
460 |
Viscous; moderate VI; poor cold flow ≈13 °C |
| e-FAEEc |
320 |
Extremely viscous, very poor VI, unsuitable neat |
| e-FAPEc |
68 |
Moderate viscosity, VI modest, adequate cold flow |
