. 2026 May 29;123(11):312–320. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.m2025.0227

Table 2. The primary prevention of transplacental infections^*.

Measure	Protects against	Recommendations
•Avoid contact with people who have an acute infection (fever, rash)	•Cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19 infection	•In the event of a parvovirus B19 outbreak in the area, consult a doctor; targeted exposure prophylaxis is difficult, as infectivity is highest before symptoms appear
•Avoid contact with saliva and urine from infants and young children	•Cytomegalovirus	•Wash hands after contact with urine and saliva; do not kiss children on the mouth; do not share eating utensils or towels with children
•Avoid contact with cat feces; wash hands regularly	•Toxoplasmosis	•Do not clean the litter box yourself; wear gloves when gardening
•Do not consume certain foods; maintain good kitchen hygiene	•Toxoplasmosis	•Do not consume unwashed vegetables/fruit, pre-cut, packaged salads, raw sprouts, or meat and sausage products made from raw, smoked, or undercooked meat; thoroughly clean cutting boards
•Avoid unprotected sexual intercourse	•Syphilis	•Use condoms; get tested for sexually transmitted diseases after possible exposure

Table 2. The primary prevention of transplacental infections*.