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. 2026 Jun 25;13:1880853. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1880853

Table 5.

Concentrations of individual phenolic compounds in broccoli juice after different treatments (CON-B, PAS-B, and TS-B) (μg/ml).

Phenolic compounds (μg/ml)	Samples
	CON-B	PAS-B	TS-B
Hydroxybenzoic acid	0.42 ± 0.05^a	0.72 ± 0.02^a	1.08 ± 0.11^b
Gallic Acid	45.17 ± 5.56^ab	33.89 ± 0.94^a	51.08 ± 3.10^b
Gentisic acid	0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.45 ± 0.01^c	0.29 ± 0.03^b
Protocatechuic acid	0.07 ± 0.01^b	0.02 ± 0.00^a	0.02 ± 0.00^a
Vanillic acid	0.51 ± 0.06^a	1.02 ± 0.03^b	0.53 ± 0.05^a
Naringin	3.47 ± 0.42^ab	2.86 ± 0.08^a	4.88 ± 0.48^b
o-Coumaric acid	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
Neohesperidin	0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.51 ± 0.01^b	0.00 ± 0.00^a
Coumarin	0.04 ± 0.01^b	0.15 ± 0.01^c	0.00 ± 0.00^a
Rutin	0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.27 ± 0.01^c	0.15 ± 0.01^b
Quercetin	1.18 ± 0.14^a	1.30 ± 0.04^a	0.98 ± 0.10^a
trans-cinnamic acid	0.46 ± 0.06^b	0.17 ± 0.00^a	0.58 ± 0.06^b
Hesperidin	0.11 ± 0.01^a	0.11 ± 0.01^a	0.09 ± 0.01^a
Alizarin	0.62 ± 0.08^a	0.56 ± 0.02^a	0.77 ± 0.08^a
p-coumaric acid	0.34 ± 0.04^a	0.41 ± 0.01^ab	0.54 ± 0.06^b

PAS-B, pasteurized broccoli juice; CON-B, untreated (control) broccoli juice; TS-B, thermosonicated broccoli juice.

Significant differences among treatments are indicated by different superscript letters within the same row (p < 0.05).

Not detected (n.d.).