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Structure of PGN and PGN derivatives. (A) General structure of natural PGN. R1, H (Lys) Gram-positive PGN; R1, COOH (Dap) Gram-negative PGN; R2, H or crosslink. (B) The monomeric muramyl pentapeptides, MPP (R1, H, compound 1) and MPP-Dap (R1, COOH, compound 2), are represented in a single figure. (C) The crosslinked Lys-type PGN analog, CL-PGN (compound 3). (D) The natural Dap-type PGN fragment, TCT, which contains an anhydro bond between C6 and C1 of MurNAc.
