Table 2.

Evaluating the effectiveness of strategies

Category	Intervention	Evaluation Method	Evaluation Outcome	Reference
1. Preventive Measures	Emission caps, clean transportation	Scenario modeling	Health co-benefits implied	[10]
	Replace diesel buses	Cost–benefit analysis	Effective and cost-saving	[13]
	Air quality control, clean cooking subsidies	Policy assessment	Reduction in stunting suggested	[19]
	Nutrition security prioritization	Vulnerability analysis	Effectiveness implied	[43]
	Malaria control tailored to local needs	Observational	Impact discussed, not quantified	[40]
	Emissions reduction scenarios under TCI	Modeling	Health co-benefits and economic savings	[10]
	Indoor air filtration + exposure reduction recommendations	RCT/Experimental	Improved asthma control (c-ACT, FEV1, reduced medication need)	[26]
	Bioculturally-appropriate hydration & cooling strategies	Observational/Modeling	Effectiveness implied in reducing heat stress	[8]
	Drought-sensitive targeting framework	Predictive modeling	Effective targeting for malnutrition	[7]
2. Adaptive Measures	Agricultural adaptation	Observational	Improved nutrition	[23]
	Asset sales, consumption reduction	Observational	Found insufficient	[34]
	Indoor sensor networks	Not evaluated	Monitoring emphasized	[6]
	Crop diversification, off-farm jobs, shifting planting dates	Observational	Current coping insufficient; adaptation needed	[34]
	Agricultural practices: new varieties, mulching, intercropping	Observational	Higher adaptive capacity → better child nutrition	[23]
	Adjusting parenting roles/labor distribution	Observational/Conceptual	Effectiveness not explicitly evaluated	[5]
3. Combined Preventive + Adaptive	Poverty reduction in low-emission scenarios	Modeling	Health co-benefits implied	[14]
	Use of climate indicators	Conceptual	Strategy not evaluated	[22]
	TRA-based communication	Behavioral pre/post	Improved beliefs & intentions	[33]
	Message framing for climate change	Experimental	Congruent messaging more effective	[32]
4. Community-Based Interventions	Tree planting, community education	Observational	Improved awareness	[30]
	Challenging cultural norms	Community feedback	Positive engagement	[48]
	Girl participation in decision-making	Not evaluated	Strategy noted, not assessed	[15]
	Youth-led advocacy & public awareness	Observational/Qualitative	Successful advocacy; engagement increased	[41]
	Involving adolescents in communication and education	Conceptual	Need for improved communication highlighted	[42]
5. Educational & Awareness	Climate change education	Pre/post knowledge tests	Significant improvement	[46]
	School manual training	Pre/post assessment	Knowledge increased significantly	[24]
				[32]
				[42]
6. Mental Health Resilience	Emotionally varied videos	Participant feedback	Promise shown; further study needed	[9]
	Climate anxiety education	Psychological scales	Education reduced anxiety	[47]
7. Disaster Preparedness & Response	Bushfire recovery program	Feedback from participants	Positive effect on children	[28]
	Household preparedness via child advocacy	Observational	Adaptive actions increased	[36]
	ABM flood evacuation workshops	Engagement evaluation	High child engagement	[35]
	Disaster-related childcare policy	Not evaluated	Not assessed	[5]
	Water infrastructure + community engagement	Qualitative	Positive early impacts; further study needed	[3]
	Women’s political empowerment & female education	Observational	Improved child health outcomes	[20]
	Policies for youth skills-building, shelter, WASH, environmental projects	Observational/Policy analysis	Effectiveness implied	[16, 17]
	Public health interventions for nutrition security	Observational/Policy	Vulnerable districts prioritized	[44]