Table 4.
Association between cumulative exposure to cannabis and hippocampal volume, fractional anisotropy (FA) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) at Year 30, stratified by sex, multivariable adjusted.
| Variable | NEVER TOBACCO SMOKING Standardized difference in MRI measures (95% CI)a |
EVER TOBACCO SMOKING Standardized difference in MRI measures (95% CI)a |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women | Men | Women | Men | |
| Hippocampus volume (mm3) | ||||
| -Never user | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| -1 day to 0.5 cannabis years | −25.66 (−122.13–70.82) | −137.17 (−304.84–30.49) | −160.03 (−346.02–25.96) | 18.35 (−341.58–378.29) |
| -0.5 to < 2 cannabis years | 57.60 (−77.46–192.65) | −158.19 (−356.04–39.66) | −174.60 (−371.99–22.79) | 31.04 (−326.35–388.42) |
| ->2 cannabis years | −21.13 (−209.69–167.43) | −31.57 (−312.55–249.40) | −124.94 (−341.89–92.01) | −94.22 (−449.17–260.73) |
| P-value for trenda/ R2 | 0.5/ 0.5 | 0.3/ 0.4 | 0.3/ 0.51 | 0.4/ 0.45 |
| Fornix FA | ||||
| -Never user | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| -1 day to 0.5 cannabis years | 0.0005 (−0.0125–0.0134) | −0.0084 (−0.0247–0.0079) | 0.0059 (−0.0153–0.0272) | 0.0137 (−0.0252–0.0526) |
| ->2 cannabis years | −0.0005 (−0.0253–0.0242) | −0.0090 (−0.0362–0.0182) | 0.0091 (−0.0156–0.0338) | 0.0154 (−0.0229–0.0537) |
| P-value for trendb/ R2 | 0.6/ 0.22 | 0.7/ 0.15 | 0.5/ 0.31 | 0.7/ 0.27 |
| Hippocampus CBF (ml/100 g/min) | ||||
| -Never user | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| -1 day to 0.5 cannabis years | 1.26 (−4.82–7.34) | −0.98 (−6.11–4.16) | 7.27 (0.60–13.93) | −4.15 (−16.87–8.57) |
| -0.5 to < 2 cannabis years | −2.28 (−10.74–6.17) | −1.54 (−7.98–4.90) | 5.08 (−1.84–11.99) | −5.70 (−18.21–6.82) |
| ->2 cannabis years | 2.06 (−7.91–12.03) | −4.18 (−12.50 to) | 9.96 (1.62–18.29) | −0.96 (−13.33–11.42) |
| P-value for trendb/ R2 | 0.7/ 0.13 | 0.8/ 0.28 | 0.09/ 0.45 | 0.3/ 0.48 |
648 CARDIA participants at the Year 30 MRI sub-study excluding participants with a history of stroke or TIA.
Stratified by ever tobacco smoking.
FA fractional anisotropy, CBF cerebral blood flow, CARDIA coronary artery risk development in young adults study, N number of participants; 95% CI 95% confidence interval.
aP-values from a Wald test. All P-values two sided.