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iRD21 and mRD21 are localized in the vacuoles. A, Protoplasts from the transformant BY2/RD21 cells were separated into the vacuoplasts and the miniplasts. Each fraction was stained with neutral red. Bars = 50 μm. B, Each fraction derived from approximately 1 × 106 cells was used for measuring an activity of a vacuolar marker enzyme, VPE (top), and for immunoblot with anti-RD21 antibodies (bottom). ND, Not detected.
