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. 2026 Jun 29;17:1873808. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2026.1873808

Figure 5.

Panel A shows a cluster dendrogram with color-coded module assignments below. Panel B displays a heatmap of module-trait relationships using color intensity to indicate correlation levels between modules and traits. Panel C depicts a network diagram highlighting key genes connected to flavonoid pathways, with node size and color scaled by degree and regulation status. Panel D presents a similar gene network focusing on salidroside and tyrosol, annotated by degree and regulation status. Panel E illustrates the biosynthetic pathway from L-tyrosine to salidroside, including chemical structures, group-wise gene expression heatmaps, and gene identifiers.

WGCNA analysis and candidate gene screening. (A) Gene co-expression module identification. (B) Module-metabolite correlation analysis. (C, D) Co-expression networks of genes related to specialized metabolite biosynthesis: (C) flavonoids, (D) salidroside and tyrosol. (E) Expression profiles of candidate genes in the salidroside biosynthetic pathway. Network legend: The top 100 genes are presented. Gray lines indicate gene interactions; red and blue lines indicate upregulated and downregulated genes in R. crenulata compared with R. fastigiata, respectively. Node color intensity (red scale) indicates connectivity degree.