| ceRNA | Competing endogenous RNA |
| CSC | Cancer stem cell |
| DANCR | Differentiation antagonizing non-protein-encoding RNA |
| DFS | Disease-free survival |
| EMT | Epithelial–mesenchymal transition |
| FACS | Fluorescence-activated cell sorting |
| LC3B | Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 |
| lncRNA | Long noncoding RNA |
| miRNA | MicroRNA |
| MUT | Mutant |
| NC | Negative control |
| OS | Overall survival |
| p62/SQSTM1 | Sequestosome-1 |
| qRT-PCR | Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction |
| STR | Short tandem repeat |
| TIC | Tumor-initiating cell |
| WT | Wild-type |