| AIV | Avian influenza virus |
| CAF | Central Asian Flyway |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| EAAF | East Asian–Australasian Flyway |
| Gs/GD | Goose/Guangdong |
| HPAI | Highly pathogenic avian influenza |
| HPAIV | Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus |
| IAC | Interface–Amplifier–Conduit |
| LPAIV | Low-pathogenic avian influenza virus |
| LPM | Live poultry market |
| OR | Odds ratio |
| WAHIS | World Animal Health Information System |
| WOAH | World Organisation for Animal Health |
| EFSA | European Food Safety Authority |
| FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |