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. 2026 Jul 2;18(13):2139. doi: 10.3390/cancers18132139
18F-FDG Fluorodeoxyglucose (radiotracer used in PET)
2D Two-Dimensional
3D Three-Dimensional
AI Artificial Intelligence
AQP(s) Aquaporin(s)
CEUS Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound
CNNs Convolutional Neural Networks
CRC Colorectal Cancer
CT Computed Tomography
D2-40 Immunohistochemical marker for lymphatic vessels
DL Deep learning
DWI Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
EBUS Endobronchial Ultrasound
ECM Extracellular Matrix
EGF Epidermal Growth Factor
ENE Extranodal Extension
ERUS Endorectal Ultrasound
ESAM Endothelial-Specific Adhesion Molecule
FAO Fatty Acid Oxidation
FASN Fatty Acid Synthase
FGF-2 Fibroblast Growth Factor-2
FNAB Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy
HF-QUS High-Frequency Quantitative Ultrasound
HE Hematoxylin & Eosin
HGF Hepatocyte Growth Factor
HSP47 Heat Shock Protein 47
ICG Indocyanine Green
IFP Interstitial Fluid Pressure
IGF-1 Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1
IGF-1R Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor
LNs Lymph Nodes
LNM Lymph Node Metastasis
LPA Lysophosphatidic Acid
LEC(s) Lymphatic Endothelial Cell(s)
LVI Lympho-Vascular Invasion
MHC Major Histocompatibility Complex
MMP Matrix Metalloproteinase
MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging
NSCLC Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
PDGF-BB Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB
PET–CT Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography
PET–MRI Positron Emission Tomography–Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PMN Premetastatic Niche
PPAR-α Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor Alpha
QUS Quantitative Ultrasound
S1P Sphingosine-1-Phosphate
SLN Sentinel Lymph Node
SLNB Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
TD(s) Tumor Deposit(s)
TNM Tumor, Node, Metastasis staging system
US Ultrasound
VEGF-C Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C
VEGFR-3 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3
VGSC(s) Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel(s)
ViTs Vision Transformers