4T1	Mouse triple-negative breast carcinoma cell line
AKT	Protein kinase B
AnnV	Annexin V
AO	Acridine Orange
Ar	Aromatic ring
BAX	BCL2-associated X protein
BCL2	B-cell lymphoma 2
BSA	Bovine serum albumin
CASP3	Caspase-3
CDDP	Cisplatin
CDK2	Cyclin-dependent kinase 2
CDK4	Cyclin-dependent kinase 4
CDK6	Cyclin-dependent kinase 6
CT26	Mouse colorectal carcinoma cell line
CT-DNA	Calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid
Cu(II)	Copper(II)
ΔG_bind	Binding free energy
ΔG_desolv	Desolvation free energy
ΔG_elec	Electrostatic free energy
ΔG_hbond	Hydrogen bond contribution to binding free energy
ΔG_inter	Interaction free energy
ΔG_tor	Torsional free energy
ΔG_total	Total free energy
ΔG_unb	Unbound system free energy
ΔG_vdw	van der Waals free energy
ΔΨM	Mitochondrial membrane potential
DG	Deoxyguanosine
DA	Deoxyadenosine
DC	Deoxycytidine
DT	Deoxythymidine
DMSO	Dimethyl sulfoxide
DNA	Deoxyribonucleic acid
EB	Ethidium bromide
FACS	Fluorescence-activated cell sorting
FITC	Fluorescein isothiocyanate
FTIR	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
G0/G1	Gap 0/Gap 1 phase of the cell cycle
HCT116	Human colorectal carcinoma cell line
Hoe	Hoechst 33258
HSA	Human serum albumin
IC50	Half-maximal inhibitory concentration
IR	Infrared spectroscopy
JC-10	Mitochondrial membrane potential fluorescent probe
K	Binding constant
Ki	Inhibition constant
Ksv	Stern–Volmer quenching constant
kq	Bimolecular quenching rate constant
LC3B	Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3B
MCF-7	Human breast carcinoma cell line
MFI	Mean fluorescence intensity
mMSCs	Mouse mesenchymal stem cells
mTOR	Mammalian target of rapamycin
MTT	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
NMR	Nuclear magnetic resonance
PBS	Phosphate-buffered saline
PI	Propidium iodide
PI3K	Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
p-AKT	Phosphorylated protein kinase B
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SEM	Standard error of the mean
SI	Selectivity index
Trp	Tryptophan