| AF/AFL | Atrial fibrillation/flutter |
| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate |
| BMI | Body mass index |
| BNP | B-type natriuretic peptide |
| CKD | Chronic kidney disease |
| CNS | Central nervous system |
| COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CV | Cardiovascular |
| DKD | Diabetic kidney disease |
| DR | Diabetic retinopathy |
| eGFR | Estimated glomerular filtration rate |
| FIB-4 | Fibrosis-4 index |
| HbA1c | Glycated hemoglobin |
| HF | Heart failure |
| HFmrEF | Heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction |
| HFpEF | Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction |
| HFrEF | Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction |
| MR | Mineralocorticoid receptor |
| MRA | Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist |
| mPAP | Mean pulmonary arterial pressure |
| NT-proBNP | N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide |
| NYHA | New York Heart Association |
| OIR | Oxygen-induced retinopathy |
| OSA | Obstructive sleep apnea |
| PAH | Pulmonary arterial hypertension |
| RAAS | Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system |
| RVSP | Right ventricular systolic pressure |
| T2D | Type 2 diabetes |
| UACR | Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio |
| VTC | Vision-threatening complication |