| AD | Alzheimer’s disease |
| ALM | Appendicular lean mass |
| APOE | Apolipoprotein E |
| ASM | Appendicular skeletal muscle |
| BCAA | Branched-chain amino acids |
| BIA | Bioelectrical impedance analysis |
| CBF | Cerebral blood flow |
| CLMLS | Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey |
| DASH | Dietary Action to Stop Hypertension |
| DIASS | Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score |
| DXA | Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry |
| EAA | Essential amino acid |
| FFQ | Food Frequency Questionnaire |
| HPFS | Health Professionals Follow-up Study |
| HRQoL | Health-related quality of life |
| MD | Mediterranean diet |
| MIND | Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay |
| MMSE | Mini-Mental State Examination |
| MNSF | Multinutrient-enriched soy flour |
| NHANES | National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey |
| NHS | Nurses Health Study |
| RCT | Randomized controlled trial |
| SCD | Subjective cognitive decline |
| WHO | World Health Organization |