Table 1.
Characteristics of analytic sample.
| male (N = 188) | female (N = 484) | Overall (N = 672) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chronological age (years) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 71 ( ± 6.0) | 70 ( ± 5.7) | 70 ( ± 5.8) |
| Total years in school | |||
| Mean (SD) | 8.3 ( ± 4.1) | 5.8 ( ± 4.1) | 6.5 ( ± 4.2) |
| Highest education attainment n(%) | |||
| No formal education | 41 (21.8%) | 198 (40.9%) | 239 (35.6%) |
| Primary | 66 (35.1%) | 153 (31.6%) | 219 (32.6%) |
| Secondary | 45 (23.9%) | 106 (21.9%) | 151 (22.5%) |
| Pre Univ or Polytechnic | 22 (11.7%) | 20 (4.1%) | 42 (6.3%) |
| University | 14 (7.4%) | 7 (1.4%) | 21 (3.1%) |
| Marital status n(%) | |||
| Married | 159 (84.6%) | 299 (61.8%) | 458 (68.2%) |
| Single | 9 (4.8%) | 12 (2.5%) | 21 (3.1%) |
| Divorced/Seperated | 6 (3.2%) | 33 (6.8%) | 39 (5.8%) |
| Widowed | 14 (7.4%) | 140 (28.9%) | 154 (22.9%) |
| Housing tier | |||
| middle tier | 135 (71.8%) | 355 (73.3%) | 490 (72.9%) |
| lower tier | 27 (14.4%) | 77 (15.9%) | 104 (15.5%) |
| upper tier | 26 (13.8%) | 52 (10.7%) | 78 (11.6%) |
| Depressive symptoms (GDS-15) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 1.2 ( ± 1.8) | 1.3 ( ± 2.1) | 1.3 ( ± 2.0) |
| Depression status (GDS ≥ 5) | |||
| Normal | 173 (92.0%) | 443 (91.5%) | 616 (91.7%) |
| Positive screen | 15 (8.0%) | 41 (8.5%) | 56 (8.3%) |
| Anxiety symptoms (GAI-20) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 0.94 ( ± 2.4) | 1.4 ( ± 2.8) | 1.3 ( ± 2.7) |
| Anxiety statis (GAI ≥ 8) | |||
| Normal | 183 (97.3%) | 461 (95.2%) | 644 (95.8%) |
| Positive screen | 5 (2.7%) | 23 (4.8%) | 28 (4.2%) |
| BMI | |||
| Mean (SD) | 24 ( ± 3.4) | 24 ( ± 4.1) | 24 ( ± 3.9) |
| Number of chronic Diseases | |||
| Mean (SD) | 3.0 ( ± 2.2) | 2.6 ( ± 1.7) | 2.7 ( ± 1.9) |
| Physical activity frequency n(%) | |||
| Never or rarely | 28 (14.9%) | 54 (11.2%) | 82 (12.2%) |
| > 1 in one month but < 1 in a week | 1 (0.5%) | 15 (3.1%) | 16 (2.4%) |
| 1–3 times a week | 34 (18.1%) | 114 (23.6%) | 148 (22.0%) |
| 4–6 times a week | 39 (20.7%) | 134 (27.7%) | 173 (25.7%) |
| daily | 86 (45.7%) | 167 (34.5%) | 253 (37.6%) |
| Social activity frequency n(%) | |||
| Never or rarely | 45 (23.9%) | 48 (9.9%) | 93 (13.8%) |
| > 1 in one month but < 1 in a week | 27 (14.4%) | 65 (13.4%) | 92 (13.7%) |
| 1–3 times a week | 66 (35.1%) | 224 (46.3%) | 290 (43.2%) |
| 4–6 times a week | 26 (13.8%) | 79 (16.3%) | 105 (15.6%) |
| daily | 24 (12.8%) | 68 (14.0%) | 92 (13.7%) |
| Smoking status n(%) | |||
| Never or rarely | 170 (90.4%) | 476 (98.3%) | 646 (96.1%) |
| Regular | 18 (9.6%) | 8 (1.7%) | 26 (3.9%) |
| Alcohol eonsumption n(%) | |||
| Never or rarely | 156 (83.0%) | 446 (92.1%) | 602 (89.6%) |
| Regular | 32 (17.0%) | 38 (7.9%) | 70 (10.4%) |
| PCHorvathEAA (years) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 1.2 ( ± 5.1) | −0.48 ( ± 4.7) | 0.00 ( ± 4.9) |
| PCHorvath2EAA (years) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 0.79 ( ± 5.7) | −0.31 ( ± 5.3) | 0.00 ( ± 5.4) |
| PCHannumEAA (years) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 1.7 ( ± 4.8) | −0.68 ( ± 4.5) | 0.00 ( ± 4.7) |
| PCPhenoEAA (years) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 1.4 ( ± 5.6) | −0.53 ( ± 5.1) | 0.00 ( ± 5.3) |
| PCGrimEAA (years) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 1.9 ( ± 2.8) | −0.73 ( ± 2.4) | 0.00 ( ± 2.7) |
| DunedinPACE | |||
| Mean (SD) | 1.0 ( ± 0.11) | 1.0 ( ± 0.12) | 1.0 ( ± 0.12) |