Table 3. Associations between the presence of CHD and tobacco use, smoking cessation behavior, and the use of e-cigarettes/tobacco heaters among current cigarette smokers.

	OR for smoking-related endpoints among participants with CHD (versus without CHD)
Smoking-related endpoints	OR [95% CI]	p-value
Severity of cigarette dependence (HSI)*1
High vs. low/moderate (ref)	1.63 [1.05; 2.53]	0.031
Low vs. moderate/high (ref)	1.15 [0.86; 1.52]	0.349
Co-use*2
No	Reference
Yes	2.53 [1.43; 4.48]	0.001
Motivation for smoking cessation*3
Not motivated	Reference
Motivated	1.41 [1.02; 1.96]	0.040
Smoking cessation attempts in past year*4
No	Reference
Yes, at least one	2.90 [1.98; 4.25]	< 0.001

Odds ratios greater than 1 indicate a higher probability of the respective outcome in persons with CHD. Multivariable logistic regression models were calculated for all variables and adjusted for sex, education, income, and age.

^*1The variable was dichotomized using dummy coding to allow for separate regression analyses of the two extremes of cigarette dependence: (1) high (5–6) versus low/moderate (0–4) and (2) low (0–1) versus moderate/high (2–6)

^*2Reflects the current use of e-cigarettes and/or tobacco heaters in addition to cigarette smoking

^*3Measured using the Motivation to Stop Smoking Scale (MTSS): response options 1–2 = not motivated; response options 3–7 = motivated

^*4Smoking cessation attempts in the past year among the subgroup of current smokers and those who smoked in the past year.

HSI, Heaviness of Smoking Index; CHD, coronary heart disease; CI, confidence interval;

OR, odds ratios; ref, (respective) reference group