TABLE 5.
Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) analysis of associations between fundus parameters and clinical variables.
| Dependent variable | Independent variable | B (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD (μm) | UA (per μmol/L) | −0.034 (−0.067, −0.001) | 0.042 |
| DBP (per mmHg) | −0.062 (−0.371, 0.247) | 0.695 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | −0.088 (−0.674, 0.498) | 0.769 | |
| GA (weeks) | −0.537 (−1.109, 0.036) | 0.066 | |
| MVD (μm) | UA (per μmol/L) | −0.017 (−0.045, 0.011) | 0.230 |
| DBP (per mmHg) | −0.383 (−0.634, −0.133) | 0.003 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | −0.048 (−0.459, 0.364) | 0.821 | |
| GA (weeks) | −0.221 (−0.695, 0.254) | 0.362 | |
| AVR | UA (per μmol/L) | −0.0001 (−0.0003, 0.00002) | 0.073 |
| DBP (per mmHg) | −0.0003 (−0.003, 0.002) | 0.851 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.00001 (−0.002, 0.002) | 0.991 | |
| GA (weeks) | −0.005 (−0.011, 0.001) | 0.129 | |
| ABA (°) | UA (per μmol/L) | 0.039 (−0.017, 0.096) | 0.172 |
| DBP (per mmHg) | −0.395 (−0.792, 0.002) | 0.051 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.168 (−0.363, 0.699) | 0.535 | |
| GA (weeks) | −0.151 (−0.568, 0.266) | 0.477 | |
| FD | UA (per μmol/L) | −0.00002 (−0.001, 0.001) | 0.974 |
| DBP (per mmHg) | −0.0001 (−0.001, 0.001) | 0.834 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.00001 (−0.001, 0.001) | 0.956 | |
| GA (weeks) | −0.002 (−0.007, 0.002) | 0.312 |
AD, arterial diameter; MVD, mean venous diameter within 3 mm of the fovea centralis; AVR, arteriovenous diameter ratio; ABA, mean arterial branching angle; FD, fractal dimension in the inferior optic disc region; UA, serum uric acid; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; GA, gestational age. Multivariable generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were constructed with subject ID, as the clustering variable using an exchangeable working correlation structure and robust standard errors. All listed independent variables were entered simultaneously into each model. B indicates unstandardized regression coefficient; CI, confidence interval.