Table 6:

Cochrane Risk of Bias for Randomized Controlled studies

	Selection bias		Performance bias	Detection bias	Attrition bias	Reporting bias
	Random sequence generation	Allocation concealment	Blinding of Participants and Researchers	Blinding of outcome assessment	Incomplete outcome Data	Selective Reporting	Other bias	Quality Score
Hall et al, (42)	Low risk	High risk	Unclear risk	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Unclear risk	Poor
*Kahleova et al,(48)	Low risk	Low risk	High risk	Low Risk	Low Risk	Low Risk	Low Risk	Fair

Key: Thresholds for Converting the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool to AHRQ Standards (Good, Fair, and Poor)

Good quality: All criteria met (i.e. low for each domain) Using the Cochrane ROB tool, it is possible for a criterion to be met even when the element was technically not part of the method. For instance, a judgment that knowledge of the allocated interventions was adequately prevented can be made even if the study was not blinded, if EPC team members judge that the outcome and the outcome measurement are not likely to be influenced by lack of blinding.

Fair quality: One criterion not met (i.e. high risk of bias for one domain) or two criteria unclear, and the assessment that this was unlikely to have biased the outcome, and there is no known important limitation that could invalidate the results.

Poor quality: Two or more criteria listed as high or unclear risk of bias

^*The star symbol represents studies that directly address the research question