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. 2026 May 18;16:22504. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-53553-w

Table 6.

Comparative analysis of previous literature.

Details of the research Hydrogen yield in mol/kg Carbon conversion efficiency in % References
E-waste to hydrogen via plasma gasification (3000 °C with 15 wt% CaO catalyst) along with a waste heat recovery system 72.6 93.6 Current research
Electrical switch waste to hydrogen via CO2 plasma gasification (2000 °C without catalyst) process 44.64 - 18
Waste biomass (reed straw/rice husk/corn cob) to hydrogen via steam gasification (600 °C at 25 bar pressure) along with a Ni-based catalyst 59.1 - 30
Biomass to hydrogen via two-stage alkaline thermal gasification (500 °C with 5% CaO catalyst) process 27.36 42.39 33
Polypropylene waste to hydrogen via plasma gasification (1200 °C) with a CO2 reactor - 82 35