TABLE 1.

 Survey of modulators of signaling pathways: effect on subcellular localization of HuR

Treatmenta	Target	Dose	Effect on cytoplasmic HuRb
Suramin	Growth factor receptor inhibitor	300 μM	—
Genistein	PTKe inhibitor	20 μM	—
Herbimycin A	PTK inhibitor	10 μM	—
Bisindolylmaleimide I	PKC inhibitor	1 μM	—
TPAc	PKC activator	1 μM	—
H7	PKA/PKC inhibitor	50 nM	—
Staurosporine	PKA, PKC, PKG, and CAM kinase inhibitor	40 nM	—
N-Acetyl cysteine	Oxidants	20 mM	—
SB-203580	p38MAPK inhibitor	20 μM	—
PD-098059	MEK inhibitor	20 μM	—
ASJNKd oligonucleotides	Inhibitor of JNKMAPK expression	400 nM	—
Wortmannin	PI 3-kinase inhibitor	50 nM	—
Rapamycin	S6 kinase inhibitor	100 nM	—
Antimycin A	AMPK activator	1 μM	↓
Sodium azide	AMPK activator	2 mM	↓
AICAR	AMPK activator	2 mM	↓
5′-AMP	AMPK activator	2 mM	↓
Calyculin A	PP1, PP2A, and PP2B inhibitor	30 nM	↑
ATP	AMPK inhibitor	1 mM	↑
Ionomycin	Ca2+ ionophore	2 μM	↓
Vanadate	PTK phosphatase inhibitor	60 μM	↓
Lithium acetate	Inositol phosphate inhibitor	2 mM	↓

^aA list of positive controls serving to assess the effectiveness of drugs is available upon request.

^b—, no effect; ↓, reduction; ↑, elevation.

^cTPA, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate.

^dASJNK, antisense JNK oligonucleotides.

^ePTK, protein tyrosine kinase.