Table 3.
The association between GNRI and mortality risks.
| MIMIC-IV | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95%CI) P | HR (95%CI) P | HR (95%CI) P | |
| 28 day mortality | |||
| Q1: GNRI < 90.31 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Q2: 90.31 ≤ GNRI < 100.23 | 0.78 (0.64 ~ 0.95) p = 0.012 |
0.93 (0.76 ~ 1.13) p = 0.453 |
0.96 (0.78 ~ 1.18) p = 0.704 |
| Q3: 100.23 ≤ GNRI < 111.28 | 0.82 (0.68 ~ 0.99) p = 0.043 |
1.05 (0.86 ~ 1.28) p = 0.651 |
1.07 (0.87 ~ 1.31) p = 0.531 |
| Q4: GNRI ≥ 111.28 | 0.60 (0.49 ~ 0.74) P < 0.001 |
0.77 (0.62 ~ 0.96) p = 0.018 |
0.78 (0.62 ~ 0.97) P = 0.029 |
| 28 day ICU mortality | |||
| Q1: GNRI < 90.31 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Q2: 90.31 ≤ GNRI < 100.23 | 0.76 (0.62 ~ 0.92) p = 0.005 |
0.84 (0.68 ~ 1.03) p = 0.090 |
0.87 (0.71 ~ 1.07) p = 0.187 |
| Q3: 100.23 ≤ GNRI < 111.28 | 0.76 (0.63 ~ 0.92) P = 0.005 |
0.85 (0.69 ~ 1.04) p = 0.116 |
0.88 (0.72 ~ 1.09) p = 0.239 |
| Q4: GNRI ≥ 111.28 | 0.55 (0.45 ~ 0.68) p < 0.001 |
0.65 (0.50 ~ 0.85) p = 0.002 |
0.69 (0.53 ~ 0.91) P = 0.009 |
Cox proportional hazards regression was used to construct all study models for MIMIC-IV. Model I: No covariates adjusted. Model II: Adjusted for baseline demographics (gender, age, race, admission year), ICU admission vital signs (heart rate, mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate, SpO₂, temperature), ICU setting (Cardiovascular ICU, Coronary Care Unit, Medical ICU, Surgical ICU, OTHER), illness severity scores (SOFA, Charlson Comorbidity Index, APS III), invasive interventions (CRRT, vasopressors, mechanical ventilation), sepsis status, pharmacotherapies [insulin, acetaminophen, diuretics, AF management strategies (rate control drugs, cardioversion, rhythm control agents), dexmedetomidine, statins, mineral supplements (phosphorus, magnesium sulfate, potassium, calcium), iron], and pre-existing comorbidities (cardiovascular disease, chronic liver disease, stroke, chronic lung disease, diabetes, cancer, CKD, prior AF). Model III: Adjusted for hematologic parameters (white blood cell count, platelet count, hemoglobin), blood gas markers (pCO₂, pO₂, pH, lactate), hepatic enzymes (ALT, AST), and serum biochemistries (sodium, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, potassium, calcium, chloride, glucose, magnesium, phosphorus). GNRI, Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.