Table 2.

Genetic diversity indices of seven regional populations of Nypa fruticans based on the filtered 12-locus microsatellite dataset.

Populations		N	Na	Ne	I	Ho	He	uHe	F	%P
PHL1	Mean	15.000	4.750	3.109	1.235	0.311	0.636	0.657	0.511	100
	SE	0.000	0.538	0.330	0.113	0.068	0.038	0.039	0.100
PHL2	Mean	23.250	6.000	3.512	1.403	0.361	0.692	0.707	0.484	100
	SE	0.351	0.444	0.306	0.083	0.055	0.025	0.026	0.068
PHL3	Mean	12.000	4.250	3.003	1.158	0.375	0.622	0.649	0.380	100
	SE	0.000	0.463	0.356	0.106	0.071	0.038	0.040	0.115
PHL4	Mean	18.917	5.667	3.870	1.449	0.384	0.719	0.739	0.444	100
	SE	0.083	0.432	0.326	0.087	0.055	0.026	0.027	0.098
PHL5	Mean	15.000	5.250	3.784	1.382	0.394	0.698	0.722	0.455	100
	SE	0.000	0.566	0.418	0.115	0.077	0.034	0.035	0.095
PHL6	Mean	18.000	4.250	2.913	1.111	0.329	0.584	0.601	0.420	100
	SE	0.000	0.566	0.346	0.138	0.070	0.058	0.060	0.123
PHL7	Mean	15.000	6.083	3.916	1.492	0.478	0.712	0.736	0.324	100
	SE	0.000	0.596	0.410	0.107	0.038	0.031	0.032	0.049
Total	Mean	16.738	5.179	3.444	1.318	0.376	0.666	0.687	0.431	100
	SE	0.375	0.205	0.137	0.042	0.024	0.015	0.015	0.035

N, sample size; N_a, number of alleles; N_e, number of effective alleles; I, Shannon’s Information Index; H_o, observed heterozygosity; H_e, expected heterozygosity, uH_e, unbiased expected heterozygosity; F: fixation index, %P, percent polymorphic loci; SE, standard error.

F represents the population-level inbreeding coefficient estimated from heterozygote deficiency and is provided as a descriptive index. The statistical significance of heterozygote deficits was evaluated using locus–population Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium tests, with results provided in Supplementary Table 3.