FIG. 8.

Protein binding sites that are functionally important for region 4.2 enhancer activity. Mutations of the consensus binding sites (Sp1/Sp3, AP-2, and NF-I) and mutations which prevent complex formation in gel shift analysis (G/C2) were introduced into region 4.2, coupled to the minimal hK5 promoter. Enhancer activity was determined by using a luciferase reporter as described in the legend to Fig. 2, and these values are reported relative to the wild-type (WT) value of 1.0. Mutations are as follows (wild-type binding site → mutated site): Spm1 (GGG GTG GG → GTC TAG AGG), Spm2 (GGG GTG GGG → GGT TGG GGG), AP-2m2 (CCC TGA GGG → CAA TGA GGG), NF-Im (GCCAA → GTTAA), and GGGm (GGG → AAA).