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. 2026 Jul 18;152(7):144. doi: 10.1007/s00432-026-06534-5

Table 2.

a-c: Overview of the net income, the individual delta and ratio per months in € before diagnosis of the cohort compared to residents living in the same ZIP code. Data on monthly mean net income per ZIP code were obtained from the 2021 results of the Micro census (largest annual household survey of official statistics in Germany) from Saxony. a Leipzig vs. Outside Leipzig > 28.1 km. b Outside Leipzig < 28.1 km vs. Outside Leipzig > 28.1 km. c Leipzig vs. Outside Leipzig < 28.1 km. Bold p values represent significant findings (p < 0.05)

Variables Total valid Mean (95% CI) Cohen´s d p-value
(a)
Net income per months (€) patients before diagnosis − 0.251 (− 0.567; 0.065) 0.1894
 Leipzig 110 1196.75 (1088.62; 1304.88) €
 Outside Leipzig > 28.1 km 60 1397.11 (1120.93; 1673.30) €
Net income per months (€) ZIP region 1.461 (1.047; 1.87) 6.05·10–25
 Leipzig 111 1734.33 (1691.71; 1776.96) €
 Outside Leipzig > 28.1 km 36 1442.33 (1434.72; 1449.95) €
Individual Delta in net income per months (€) before diagnosis vs. ZIP region − 0.79 (− 1.268; − 0.307) 0.0013
 Leipzig 61 − 499.56 (− 721.4; − 277.72) €
 Outside Leipzig > 28.1 km 25 291.12 (− 197.38; 779.62) €
Ratio of net income per months (€) before diagnosis vs. ZIP region − 0.877 (− 1.271; − 0.479) 0.0022
 Leipzig 98 0.78 (0.72; 0.83)
 Outside Leipzig > 28.1 km 36 1.12 (0.92; 1.32)
(b)
Net income per months (€) patients before diagnosis 0.378 (− 0.036; 0.790) 0.0735
 Outside Leipzig < 28.1 km 37 1854.53 (1409.66; 2299.40) €
 Outside Leipzig > 28.1 km 60 1397.11 (1120.93; 1673.30) €
Net income per months (€) ZIP region 0.691 (0.189; 1.187) 0.0068
 Outside Leipzig < 28.1 km 30 1457.33 (1450.32; 1464.35) €
 Outside Leipzig > 28.1 km 36 1442.33 (1434.72; 1449.95) €
Individual Delta in net income per months (€) before diagnosis vs. ZIP region 0.060 (− 0.513; 0.633) 0.8384
 Outside Leipzig < 28.1 km 22 372.09 (− 238.22; 982.40) €
 Outside Leipzig > 28.1 km 25 291.12 (− 197.38; 779.62) €
Ratio of net income per months (€) before diagnosis vs. ZIP region 0.408 (− 0.103; 0.916) 0.1179
 Outside Leipzig < 28.1 km 26 1.36 (1.16; 1.56)
 Outside Leipzig > 28.1 km 36 1.12 (0.92; 1.32)
(c)
Net income per months (€) patients before diagnosis − 0.773 (− 1.154; − 0.388) 0.0075
 Leipzig 110 1196.75 (1088.62; 1304.88) €
 Outside Leipzig < 28.1 km 37 1854.53 (1409.66; 2299.40) €
Net income per months (€) ZIP region 1.358 (0.922; 1.789) 2.27·10–23
 Leipzig 111 1734.33 (1691.71; 1776.96) €
 Outside Leipzig < 28.1 km 30 1457.33 (1450.32; 1464.35) €
Individual Delta in net income per months (€) before diagnosis vs. ZIP region − 0.819 (− 1.32; − 0.313) 0.014
 Leipzig 61 − 499.56 (− 721.4; − 277.72) €
 Outside Leipzig < 28.1 km 22 372.09 (− 238.22; 982.40) €
Ratio of net income per months (€) before diagnosis vs. ZIP region − 1.705 (− 2.184; − 1.220) 6.66·10–6
 Leipzig 98 0.78 (0.72; 0.83)
 Outside Leipzig < 28.1 km 26 1.36 (1.16; 1.56)