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. 2026 Mar 28;40(8):893–902. doi: 10.1007/s12149-026-02198-w

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© The Author(s) 2026

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Overall survival (OS) according to N stage in TNM 9 staging. Kaplan-Meier curves show survival in N0, N1, N2a, and N2b stages. Survival significantly decreases with increasing stage. Survival is highest in the N0 stage and lowest in the N2b stage. The table shows 3 and 5-year survival rates for each N stage. The difference between N0 and N1 is statistically significant (p = 0.003), whereas the comparisons between N1 and N2a (p = 0.25) and between N2a and N2b (p = 0.20) are not significant