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. 2026 May 26;26:556. doi: 10.1186/s12888-026-08186-8

Table 2.

Suggested additional ADHD treatment strategies for the adapted Ugandan version of the NFPP (NFPP-UG) integrated within the eight processes / sessions

NFPP treatment strategies / processes / weekly sessions Suggested additional ADHD treatment strategies
1 Assessment and Psychoeducation

• Component demystifying myths about cultural, religious, or traditional causes and treatment of ADHD

• Seeking the opinion of parents/caregivers regarding cultural-social beliefs at the beginning of the NFPP intervention

2 Therapeutic relationship and attributions • Screening for psychiatric disorders among parents/caregivers to CA-HIV with ADHD
3 Parent-Child Relationship - No specific additional strategy
4 Reciprocal parent-child interactions • Problem-solving component
5 Scaffolding and NFPP Attention Training • Stress management component
6 Managing behaviour and self-regulation • Adherence counselling component
7 Systems Theory generalizing and extending - No specific additional strategy
8 Sustaining and transferring

- Transferring skills to the child.

- All additional strategies should be reinforced in this final process to ensure long-term effectiveness.

Note: Ratings based on caregiver and CAMHS stakeholder reports (n = 17 total participants) using 4-point Likert scale