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. 2026 Jun 16;46(4):967–974. doi: 10.1007/s44402-026-00118-z

Table 4.

Pain severity correlation for 100 optometrists.

Neck Shoulder Upper back Lower back Elbow Wrist/Hand Knee Ankle/Foot
Neck 1.0
Shoulder 0.74* 1.0
Upper back 0.64* 0.65* 1.0
Lower back 0.16 0.11 0.18 1.0
Elbow 0.01 0.16 0.03 −0.01 1.0
Wrist/Hand 0.08 0.06 0.14 0.04 0.09 1.0
Knee 0.25 0.23 0.16 0.02 0.07 0.05 1.0
Ankle/Foot 0.00 0.10 0.03 0.06 0.39* 0.28 0.38* 1.0

Values represent Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients (rs) for associations between discomfort severity scores across body regions (n = 100). Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons (α = 0.05/28 = 0.0018).

* indicates statistically significant correlations after correction.